Getting started with Auto DevOps

This step-by-step guide will help you use Auto DevOps to deploy a project hosted on GitLab.com to Google Kubernetes Engine.

You will use GitLab's native Kubernetes integration, so you won't need to create a Kubernetes cluster manually using the Google Cloud Platform console. You will create and deploy a simple application that you create from a GitLab template.

These instructions will also work for a self-managed GitLab instance; you'll just need to ensure your own runners are configured and Google OAuth is enabled.

Configure your Google account

Before creating and connecting your Kubernetes cluster to your GitLab project, you need a Google Cloud Platform account. Sign in with an existing Google account, such as the one you use to access Gmail or Google Drive, or create a new one.

Follow the steps described in the "Before you begin" section of the Kubernetes Engine docs to enable the required APIs and related services.
Ensure you've created a billing account with Google Cloud Platform.

TIP: Tip: Every new Google Cloud Platform (GCP) account receives $300 in credit, and in partnership with Google, GitLab is able to offer an additional $200 for new GCP accounts to get started with GitLab's Google Kubernetes Engine Integration. Follow this link and apply for credit.

Create a new project from a template

We will use one of GitLab's project templates to get started. As the name suggests, those projects provide a bare-bones application built on some well-known frameworks.

In GitLab, click the plus icon ({plus-square}) at the top of the navigation bar, and select New project.
Go to the Create from template tab, where you can choose among a Ruby on Rails, Spring, or NodeJS Express project. For this tutorial, use the Ruby on Rails template.
Give your project a name, optionally a description, and make it public so that you can take advantage of the features available in the GitLab Gold plan.
Click Create project.

Now that you've created a project, you'll next create the Kubernetes cluster to deploy this project to.

Create a Kubernetes cluster from within GitLab

On your project's landing page, click Add Kubernetes cluster (note that this option is also available when you navigate to Operations > Kubernetes).
On the Add a Kubernetes cluster integration page, click the Create new cluster tab, then click Google GKE.
Connect with your Google account, and click Allow to allow access to your Google account. (This authorization request is only displayed the first time you connect GitLab with your Google account.)

After authorizing access, the Add a Kubernetes cluster integration page is displayed.
In the Enter the details for your Kubernetes cluster section, provide details about your cluster:
- Kubernetes cluster name
- Environment scope - Leave this field unchanged.
- Google Cloud Platform project - Select a project. When you configured your Google account, a project should have already been created for you.
- Zone - The region/zone to create the cluster in.
- Number of nodes
- Machine type - For more information about machine types, see Google's documentation.
- Enable Cloud Run for Anthos - Select this checkbox to use the Cloud Run, Istio, and HTTP Load Balancing add-ons for this cluster.
- GitLab-managed cluster - Select this checkbox to allow GitLab to manage namespace and service accounts for this cluster.
Click Create Kubernetes cluster.

After a couple of minutes, the cluster will be created. You can also see its status on your GCP dashboard.

Next, you will install some applications on your cluster that are needed to take full advantage of Auto DevOps.

Install Ingress and Prometheus

After your cluster is running, you can install your first applications. In this guide, we will install Ingress and Prometheus:

Ingress - Provides load balancing, SSL termination, and name-based virtual hosting, using NGINX behind the scenes.
Prometheus - An open-source monitoring and alerting system used to supervise the deployed application.

NOTE: Note: We won't install GitLab Runner in this quick start guide, as this guide uses the shared runners provided by GitLab.com.

To install the applications:

Click the Install button for Ingress.
When the Ingress Endpoint is displayed, copy the IP address.
Add your Base domain. For this guide, we will use the domain suggested by GitLab.
Click Save changes.

Enable Auto DevOps (optional)

While Auto DevOps is enabled by default, Auto DevOps can be disabled at both the instance level (for self-managed instances) and the group level. Complete these steps to enable Auto DevOps if it's disabled:

Navigate to Settings > CI/CD > Auto DevOps, and click Expand.
Select Default to Auto DevOps pipeline to display more options.
In Deployment strategy, select your desired continuous deployment strategy to deploy the application to production after the pipeline successfully runs on the master branch.
Click Save changes.

After you save your changes, GitLab creates a new pipeline. To view it, go to {rocket} CI/CD > Pipelines.

In the next section, we explain what each job does in the pipeline.

Deploy the application

When your pipeline runs, what is it doing?

To view the jobs in the pipeline, click the pipeline's status badge. The {status_running} icon displays when pipeline jobs are running, and updates without refreshing the page to {status_success} (for success) or {status_failed} (for failure) when the jobs complete.

The jobs are separated into stages:

Build - The application builds a Docker image and uploads it to your project's Container Registry (Auto Build).
Test - GitLab runs various checks on the application:
- The test job runs unit and integration tests by detecting the language and framework (Auto Test)
- The code_quality job checks the code quality and is allowed to fail (Auto Code Quality) (STARTER)
- The container_scanning job checks the Docker container if it has any vulnerabilities and is allowed to fail (Auto Container Scanning)
- The dependency_scanning job checks if the application has any dependencies susceptible to vulnerabilities and is allowed to fail (Auto Dependency Scanning) (ULTIMATE)
- Jobs suffixed with -sast run static analysis on the current code to check for potential security issues, and are allowed to fail (Auto SAST) (ULTIMATE)
- The secret-detection job checks for leaked secrets and is allowed to fail (Auto Secret Detection) (ULTIMATE)
- The license_management job searches the application's dependencies to determine each of their licenses and is allowed to fail (Auto License Compliance) (ULTIMATE)
NOTE: Note: All jobs except test are allowed to fail in the test stage.
Review - Pipelines on master include this stage with a dast_environment_deploy job. To learn more, see Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST).
Production - After the tests and checks finish, the application deploys in Kubernetes (Auto Deploy).
Performance - Performance tests are run on the deployed application (Auto Browser Performance Testing). (PREMIUM)
Cleanup - Pipelines on master include this stage with a stop_dast_environment job.

After running a pipeline, you should view your deployed website and learn how to monitor it.

Monitor your project

After successfully deploying your application, you can view its website and check on its health on the Environments page by navigating to Operations > Environments. This page displays details about the deployed applications, and the right-hand column displays icons that link you to common environment tasks:

Open live environment ({external-link}) - Opens the URL of the application deployed in production
Monitoring ({chart}) - Opens the metrics page where Prometheus collects data about the Kubernetes cluster and how the application affects it in terms of memory usage, CPU usage, and latency
Deploy to ({play} {angle-down}) - Displays a list of environments you can deploy to
Terminal ({terminal}) - Opens a web terminal session inside the container where the application is running
Re-deploy to environment ({repeat}) - For more information, see Retrying and rolling back
Stop environment ({stop}) - For more information, see Stopping an environment

GitLab displays the Deploy Board below the environment's information, with squares representing pods in your Kubernetes cluster, color-coded to show their status. Hovering over a square on the deploy board displays the state of the deployment, and clicking the square takes you to the pod's logs page.

TIP: Tip: The example shows only one pod hosting the application at the moment, but you can add more pods by defining the REPLICAS variable in Settings > CI/CD > Environment variables.

Work with branches

Following the GitLab flow, you should next create a feature branch to add content to your application:

In your project's repository, navigate to the following file: app/views/welcome/index.html.erb. This file should only contain a paragraph: <p>You're on Rails!</p>.
Open the GitLab Web IDE to make the change.

Edit the file so it contains:

<p>You're on Rails! Powered by GitLab Auto DevOps.</p>

Stage the file. Add a commit message, then create a new branch and a merge request by clicking Commit.

After submitting the merge request, GitLab runs your pipeline, and all the jobs in it, as described previously, in addition to a few more that run only on branches other than master.

After a few minutes you'll notice a test failed, which means a test was 'broken' by your change. Click on the failed test job to see more information about it:

Failure:
WelcomeControllerTest#test_should_get_index [/app/test/controllers/welcome_controller_test.rb:7]:
<You're on Rails!> expected but was
<You're on Rails! Powered by GitLab Auto DevOps.>..
Expected 0 to be >= 1.

bin/rails test test/controllers/welcome_controller_test.rb:4

To fix the broken test:

Return to the Overview page for your merge request, and click Open in Web IDE.
In the left-hand directory of files, find the test/controllers/welcome_controller_test.rb file, and click it to open it.
Change line 7 to say You're on Rails! Powered by GitLab Auto DevOps.
Click Commit.
In the left-hand column, under Unstaged changes, click the checkmark icon ({stage-all}) to stage the changes.
Write a commit message, and click Commit.

Return to the Overview page of your merge request, and you should not only see the test passing, but also the application deployed as a review application. You can visit it by clicking the View app {external-link} button to see your changes deployed.

After merging the merge request, GitLab runs the pipeline on the master branch, and then deploys the application to production.

Conclusion

After implementing this project, you should have a solid understanding of the basics of Auto DevOps. You started from building and testing, to deploying and monitoring an application all within GitLab. Despite its automatic nature, Auto DevOps can also be configured and customized to fit your workflow. Here are some helpful resources for further reading: